Let’s Get Started
Getting ready for the end of the tax year doesn’t have to feel overwhelming. With a little preparation and the right guidance, you can take full advantage of the allowances, reliefs, and opportunities available to you. Whether you’re organising documents, checking your tax codes, or planning smarter ways to save, this is your chance to get everything in order and make sure you’re not paying more tax than you need to. Let’s walk through it step by step and make tax year-end work in your favour.
What's All This Tax Year End Stuff About?
The UK tax year ends on April 5th, which means you’ve got a deadline coming up. But don’t worry, this is actually a good thing! It’s your chance to make sure you’re not paying more tax than you need to.
Tax year end preparation simply means reviewing your finances before the deadline to take advantage of tax-saving opportunities that reset on April 6th. Think of it as your annual financial MOT.
It’s about checking everything’s in order, making smart moves with your money, and ensuring you don’t miss out on allowances that won’t roll over to the next tax year. Many people leave this until the last minute and end up rushing.
When Should You Start Getting Your Tax Affairs in Order?
Ideally, start thinking about tax year end in January or February. This gives you plenty of time to gather documents, make decisions, and avoid that last-minute panic that so many experience.
Set aside a specific day for a financial review and mark it in your calendar. Treat it like an important appointmen, because it is! Remember that some financial transactions take time to process.
If you’re planning to make investments before the deadline, don’t leave it until April 4th. Even if you’re reading this with just a few weeks to go, don’t worry. There are still quick actions you can take that might save you money.
Some tax reliefs and allowances can be claimed or applied based on the previous tax year, so it's important to review your records for both the current and previous tax year.
Understanding Tax Allowances: What Can You Claim?
Tax allowances are one of the most effective tools for reducing your tax bill and making your finances more tax efficient. The income tax personal allowance is a great example, this is the amount of income you can earn before you start paying income tax, and for the 2024/25 tax year, it stands at £12,570. If you’re married or in a civil partnership, you might also be able to benefit from the marriage allowance, which lets you transfer a portion of your personal allowance to your partner, potentially lowering your combined tax liability.
Don’t forget about other valuable tax allowances, such as the blind person’s allowance or the capital gains tax (CGT) annual exemption. The CGT allowance lets you make a certain amount of gains from selling assets like shares or property before you have to pay capital gains tax. Making the most of these allowances can significantly reduce your overall tax bill.
Which Tax-Friendly Investment Options Should You Look At?
ISAs are a great place to start. You can put up to £20,000 into ISAs each tax year, this is your annual ISA allowance, which offers significant tax benefits by allowing any interest, dividends, or growth to be tax-free. ISA stands for Individual Savings Account, and it’s important to utilise your full allowance each year, as it doesn’t carry over, use it or lose it! For those willing to accept market fluctuations and invest for long-term growth, a stocks and shares ISA is a popular option within the broader ISA family.
Check if you could benefit from adding to your pension. Most people can contribute up to £40,000 annually with tax relief, which is essentially free money from the government to encourage your retirement saving. Pension contributions can provide valuable income tax relief, making them a key part of a tax efficient strategy.
If you receive dividend payments, be aware of the dividend allowance, which lets you earn a certain amount of dividend income tax-free each year. The value of the dividend allowance has been reduced in recent years, so it’s important for shareholders and directors to factor this into their tax planning.
If you have a higher risk appetite, Enterprise Investment Schemes (EIS) offer tax relief of 30% on investments up to £1 million. The related Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) is designed for start-ups, providing even greater tax relief benefits and specific investment limits, with HMRC advanced assurance recommended to ensure eligibility. However, these aren’t suitable for everyone, so consider your risk tolerance carefully. Venture Capital Trusts (VCTs) are another tax-efficient investment option, offering income tax relief, tax-free dividends, and capital gains benefits for experienced investors seeking high-growth opportunities. EIS, SEIS, and VCTs can all provide income tax relief and are important components of a broader tax efficient strategy for those interested in high-growth, high-risk investments.
How Can You Pay Less Income Tax Legally and Get Tax Relief?
Make sure you’re claiming all work expenses you’re entitled to. If you’ve been working from home, you might be eligible for tax relief on a portion of your household bills. In addition, the personal savings allowance allows basic rate and higher rate taxpayers to earn a certain amount of savings interest tax-free each year, depending on their income tax band.
Check if you could benefit from the Marriage Allowance, which lets you transfer £1,260 of your Personal Allowance to your spouse or civil partner. This works particularly well when one partner earns more than the other.
If you make charitable donations, ensure you’re claiming Gift Aid. The charity gets an extra 25p for every £1 you give, and higher-rate taxpayers can claim additional relief through their tax return. Basic rate taxpayers and additional rate taxpayers have different tax obligations and can claim different levels of relief, so it's important to know which income tax band you fall into.
For business owners, consider the timing of dividend payments. Taking dividends in the new tax year might save you tax if you’re close to a higher tax band. The basic rate and your income tax band determine the rate at which your dividends are taxed, so planning around these thresholds can help reduce your tax bill. A little planning here can make a significant difference.
Pension Contributions and Savings: Why They Matter Now
Making pension contributions before the end of the tax year is one of the most tax efficient ways to save for your future. The annual allowance for pension contributions is currently £60,000 or 100% of your earnings (whichever is lower), and making the most of this can provide valuable tax relief. Not only do you receive tax relief on your contributions, but your pension savings also benefit from tax free growth, helping your retirement pot grow faster.
It’s a good idea to review your pension contributions regularly to ensure you’re taking full advantage of the annual allowance and any employer contributions available to you. If you have unused allowances from previous tax years, you may be able to carry them forward, boosting your pension savings even further.
Don’t overlook other tax efficient savings options, such as Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs), which offer tax free growth and income. A financial adviser can help you develop a personalised savings strategy that maximises your tax benefits and aligns with your long-term goals. By planning ahead and making the most of pension contributions and tax efficient savings, you can secure a brighter financial future.
Capital Gains Tax Considerations Before Year End
If you’re thinking about selling shares, property, or other investments, it’s important to consider capital gains tax (CGT) before the end of the tax year. For the 2024/25 tax year, the CGT allowance is £3,000, which means you can make up to this amount in capital gains before paying any capital gains tax. Using your CGT allowance before the end of the tax year can help you minimise your tax liability.
One smart strategy is to transfer assets to your spouse or civil partner, allowing both of you to use your individual CGT allowances and potentially reduce the amount of CGT you pay. You can also offset any capital losses against your gains to further lower your tax bill.
National Insurance Contributions: What to Check
National Insurance contributions (NICs) play a key role in your overall tax liability and your future state pension entitlement. It’s important to check that you’re paying the correct amount of NICs, as errors can affect both your current tax bill and your eligibility for the full State Pension when you reach state pension age.
You can review your National Insurance record online to see if you have any gaps that could impact your state pension entitlement. If you do find gaps, you may be able to make voluntary NICs payments to fill them and protect your future income.
What Paperwork Should You Gather?
Collect all employment documents like P60s (end of year certificate) and P45s (if you changed jobs). Also gather statements showing interest from savings accounts and any dividend payments from investments. Be sure to collect records of all sources of taxable income, including other income such as rental income or investment returns.
If you’re self-employed, make sure your income and expense records are up to date and well organised. If you run a limited company, also collect documents related to corporation tax. This will save you hours of stress when completing your Self Assessment.
Don’t forget records of pension contributions, including employer pension contributions and workplace pension contributions, as these can impact your tax relief and allowances. Also include charitable donations and any other payments that might qualify for tax relief. Having these documents ready makes the process much smoother and helps ensure you don’t miss any deductions.
Reviewing and Adjusting: Making Sure You’re on Track
Staying on top of your tax planning isn’t just a once-a-year task, it’s something that can make a big difference to your finances if you review and adjust your strategy regularly. Take time to look at your income tax, capital gains tax, pension contributions, and overall tax liability to ensure everything is working together to support your financial goals.
A regular review can help you spot opportunities to increase your tax relief, make the most of unused allowances, and adjust your savings or investment strategy as your circumstances change. If you’re not sure where to start, a financial adviser can provide professional advice tailored to your situation, helping you minimise your tax liability and maximise your capital gains.
By making tax planning a regular habit, you’ll be better prepared for the end of the tax year and more confident that you’re making the most of your money, now and in the future.
Final Thoughts
Tax year end doesn't have to be stressful. With a bit of planning, you can turn it into an opportunity to make your money work harder for you and keep more of what you earn.
Start early, focus on the most time-sensitive opportunities first, and don't be afraid to ask for help if your situation is complicated. Remember that good tax planning is about making sensible financial decisions within the rules.
Pie Tax
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Your tax year-end checklist doesn’t need to be daunting. Break it down into manageable steps, tackle them one at a time, and you’ll be surprised at how straightforward it can be.
